Maternal Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in Patients with Missed

521 Abstract Background: TNF-α is one of the cytokines produced by the immune system. Many studies have been done to investigate the role of the immune system in first trimester pregnancy loss. Objective: To evaluate the association of TNF-α with recurrent and missed miscarriage. Method: a case-control study involved 35 women, 15 with recurrent miscarriage (at least three consecutive spontaneous abortions) , 10 with missed miscarriage and 10 with normal first trimester pregnancy (control group). The study was conducted from the 1st of January to 30th of June 2008. Blood samples were taken from these women, TNF-α was measured in the sera by an immunoenzymometric assay using Biosource TNF-α EASIA kit (Biosource Europe S.A.). Results: student t-test was applied to analyze the difference in serum TNF-α level between the groups. The level of significance was defined at P value < 0.05. Significantly higher levels of TNF-α was found in women with recurrent miscarriage as compared to control group (68.94 pg/ ml versus 27.40 pg/ml). The difference was also significant when comparing women with missed miscarriage with the control group (54.39 pg/ml versus 27.40 pg/ml). The level of TNF-α was higher in women with recurrent miscarriage compared to women with missed miscarriage, however the difference between them was not statistically significant. Conclusion: TNF-α has a significant association with miscarriage, the level is significantly higher in patients with recurrent and missed miscarriage compared to normal pregnant women; the level is higher in those with recurrent miscarriage when compared to patients with missed miscarriage. ةصلاخلا ةساردلا تلمتشا 35 ةأرما , 15 ةرركتم تاطاقسا نم نيناعي ةأرما , 10 و يسنم طاقسا نم نيناعي 10 نم ىلولاا ةثلاثلا رهشلأا يف نك يعيبط لمحب نعتمتي و لمحلا . لحت لماع ىوتسم سايق و ةساردلا تحت ةعومجملا نم مدلا تانيع بحس مت مرولا ل (Tumour Necrosis Factor TNFα) لـماوحلاب ةـنراقم يسـنم طاقسا وأ رركتم طاقسا نم نيناعي يئلالا ءاسنلا دنع ىلعا مرولا للحت لماع ىوتسم نا جئاتنلا ترهظأ تايعيبطلا . يسنملا طاقسلاا تاوذ ءاسنلاب ةنراقم رركتملا طاقسلاا تاوذ ءاسنلا دنع ىلعا هنا امك . ع لدي امم هل مرولا للحت لماع نا ىل رركتملا اصوصخ طاقسلاا تلااحب ةقيثو ةقلاع . ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ Introduction iscarriage implies spontaneous loss of pregnancy before viability. Miscarriage replaces the term abortion as usually the later refers to elective termination of pregnancy. Viability implies the ability of the fetus to survive extra-uterine life. This is generally considered to occur at approximately 24 weeks gestation. Rarely, fetuses born before that gestation survive for short time or at least show some signs of life. The World Health organization also included in this definition the fetus's weight < 500 g [1]. Miscarriages are very common. Approximately 15 % of pregnancies end in miscarriage. However, it is likely that far more pregnancies are lost before they are suspected, recognized or confirmed M Maternal Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in Patients with Missed and Recurrent Miscarriage